Nconcrete slab types pdf

The most common types of cement are type gp and type gb. Understanding different concrete slab problems and defects. Slab design reading assignment chapter 9 of text and, chapter of aci31802 introduction aci318 code provides two design procedures for slab systems. Rcc slabs whose thickness ranges from 10 to 50 centimetres are most often used for the construction of floors and ceilings. Several useful documents on fiber reinforced concrete frc have been developed by aci committee 544, fiberreinforced concrete, including a design guide, aci 544. The sleeper slab is finished smooth and allowed to cure.

Introduction to concrete concretess versatility, durability, sustainability, and economy have made it the worldss most widely used construction material. Flat slab haunched slab a longitudinal slab is one of the least complex types of bridge superstructures. Reinforced concrete solid slabs can be either oneway spanning or two way. Slabs on grade, aci concrete craftsman series ccs1, american concrete institute, farmington hills, ml. Slabs are constructed to provide flat surfaces, usually horizontal in building floors, roofs, bridges, and other types of structures. Waffle slab grid slab it is a type of reinforced concrete slab that contains square grids with deep sides. Concrete masonry is well suited for below grade applications, because of its strength, durability, economy, and resistance to fire, insects and noise. Deicing salts are a major cause of corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete. It doesnt have a foundation or any concrete walls under it or around it. The precast concrete slab has tubular voids extending the full length of the slab, typically with a diameter equal to the 2334 of the slab. The strength of concrete in tension is very small and so elimination of much of the tension concrete is done by the use of pan forms. In general, the characteristics of the concrete slab surface and the performance of joints have a powerful impact on the serviceability of floors and other slabs.

For slabs spanning in both directions published tables and charts should be used to find bending moment and shear per unit width of slab. The depth of a concrete slab floor is very small compared to its span. Slabs should be cast monolithically with a mix as follows. The concrete protection below the reinforcement should follow the requirements of the aci code 7. Hollowcore units singletee units doubletee units solid concrete units beam and block floors. Concrete slab, a very common and important structural element, are constructed to provide flat, useful surfaces. Various types of insitu concrete floor systems civildigital. While more than twice the cost, because of the sum of the rebar, reinforced concrete slabs with cages are strong enough to hang and still support weight above. It is a horizontal structural component, with top and bottom surfaces parallel or near so.

This requires a small increase in the amount of steel used at the exterior support. Concrete slab horizontal slabs of steel reinforced concrete typically between 10 and 50 centimetres thick are often used to construct the ground floor of a building. Concrete slab construction how to build high quality slabs. Contraction joints are not deep enough 14 slab depth c.

Steelreinforced slabs, typically between 100 and 500 mm thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slabs may be used for exterior paving see below. Cracks in reinforced concrete columns due to increased load on the slab 4. Manual for design and detailing of reinforced concrete to september 20 the code of practice for structural use of concrete 20 contents 1. Learn more about construction procedure with video explanation. There are two different types supported slab on grade and monolithic slab on grade. Twoway joist concrete slab floor waffle slab system. There are, however, m any variations of this procedure and a few are listed below. A polyethylene sheet is placed over the slab prior to placing the pavement or approach slab. For example, in a 4inch 100 mm thick slab the joint spacing should be about saw cut tooled wall or column expansion joint material slab on grade column contraction joints intersect at diagonals of the square form openings which will be filled after floor has hardened concrete cracks below joints slab isolated from.

Economy of construction is obviously an important consideration, but this is a qualitative argument until. Waffle slab construction process includes fixing forms, placement of pods on shuttering, installation of reinforcement between pods, installation of steel mesh on top of pods, and pouring of concrete. As long as the slab is in good condition and level as it should be, but always check, there are a wide number of options. Based on the soil test, allowable bearing capacity of soil is 5 ksf. Maximum chloride ion content of concrete aci 318 maximum type of member cl prestressed concrete 0. Are there different types of foundation engineering evaluations.

Blended cements contain portland cement and more than 5% of either fly ash, ground slag, silica fume, or a combination of these. Precast concrete options are cast in a factory environment and include the following prestressed concrete options. Some types of concrete slabs may be more suitable to a particular site and climate zone than others. The term concrete refers to a mixture of aggregates, usually sand. Whether you are looking for the right domestic or commercial concrete mix for your construction job, or are just curious about the different grades of concrete and would like to know more, read on to get an understanding of these different types of concrete and their uses, or get in contact today by calling us on 01442 389105. What are the 16 different types of slabs in construction. This is a flat, uniform foundation thats made of sturdy concrete on level ground. Different types of reinforced concrete slabs were choosing with different number of floors divisions, and analyzed by method ii, direct design. A mixture of cement and water is called cement paste.

Grid slabs are suitable for spans of 915m and live loads of 47 knm2. Jul 09, 2014 various types of insitu concrete floor systems there are many concrete floor systems from which the designer can select an economical and technically satisfactory solution. A concrete slab is one of the most common foundation types found in residential home construction. Weve all heard people say that all concrete cracks. This is the most common type of reinforcement for regular rcc structures. The preplanned cracks will provide a better finish concrete product and will be formed in specific locations where those cracks could be monitored. May 08, 2020 a slab pour requires efficient planning so that all of the elements that go into producing a highquality slab are done in time before the concrete sets and done correctly. There are various types of precast concrete frames such as skeletal frame, h frame and portal frame. The higher the slump, the more workable the concrete.

Overall slab et mm h 2 h 6 h 2 h 25 het lwer art mm 40 65 40 65 40 65 40 65. The load per unit area on the slab becomes the load per unit length on the slab strip. May 18, 2018 compressive strength of concrete and its importance. Introduction to concrete portland cement association.

Because the eventual success of a concrete floor installation depends on the mixture proportions and floor finishing techniques used. After slab insulation is installed to prevent heat loss, all the radiant tubing is ran along a steel mesh grid on the floor, and attached using clips or ties. Concrete slab how to install a slab from start to finish. A finite element model may be created to analyse a complicated loading arrangement. The strength and durability of concrete depend chiefly on the amount of water used. Increasingly, fibers are being used to replace temperature and shrinkage reinforcement in concrete and, in some applications, prim ary reinforcement. Joint planning primer, concrete construction, august 1997. Ribbed slabs types and its advantages in construction. A flat piece of concrete, put on the walls or columns of a structure. What is the importance of a reinforced concrete slab. Reported by committee 302 american concrete institute.

Apr 28, 2020 the best concrete sealer for a driveway, patio, pool deck or walkway is uv resistant, breathable, and slip resistant, even when wet. Fip 8 design and specification of fiberreinforced concrete. In many domestic and industrial buildings, a thick concrete slab supported on. There are three main types of slab while each main type have their subtypes. Concrete masonry is used to construct various foundation wall types, including full basement walls, crawlspace walls, stem walls and piers. A reinforced concrete slab is a crucial structural element and is used to provide. Slab specifications please note that the specifications provided are generic. Use proper subgrade preparation, including uniform support and proper subbase material at adequate moisture content. Concrete joints are used to compensate when concrete expands or shrinks with changes in temperature. Different types of concrete are produced based on the constituent material, mix design, the method of construction, area of application, form of hydration reaction. The maximum stress is obtained for a slab length of 8m under a negative curling temperature of 8.

Guide for concrete floor and slab construction, aci 302. It serves as a walking surface but may also serve as a load bearing member, as in slab homes. May 31, 2010 hello benzujk madam, pl remember a 2 way or 1way slab is classified by the ratio of large span and short span. You should contact an architect, engineer or experienced concrete contractor in your geographic region for specific recommendations regarding the best practices in your area. Slabs which are directly laid on the earth to support walls and other structural elements are called as slab on grade or grade slabs. In situ concrete slabs are built on site using formwork built from wooden planks and boards, plastic, or steel into which the wet concrete is poured.

Concrete joints are normally used to prevent cracks when the concrete shrinks by creating forming, tooling, sawing, and placing joint formers. Concrete sealer choosing the best sealers for concrete. The slab may be supported by walls or by reinforced concrete beams usually cast monolithically with the slab or by structural steel beams or by columns, or by the ground. The following summary discusses potential causes of concrete deterioration and the factors that influence them. Guide for shoringreshoring of concrete multistory buildings reported by aci committee 347 aci 347. Tryon creek concrete 11400 sw north dakota street, tigard, or 97223 tel 503 624 2174 fax 503 624 9880. Slabs may be supported on two sides only or have beams on all four sides. A reinforced concrete footing fig 3 supports a 12x12 column reaction p100 kips at the top of footing. Concrete slab a simple and inexpensive way to install radiant heat in a new building or when pouring concrete is to embed the radiant tubing in a concrete slab.

The common types of failure modes in composite slabs are flexural failure, shear failure and combination of flexuralshear failure mechanism. Cement is a fine gray powder, and once mixed with water, sand, gravel or stone becomes concrete. Evaluating cracking in concrete 7 thermal stresses volume differentials are likely to develop in the concrete when different temperatures occur across a concrete section. A posttensioned slab onground foundation is simply a groundsupported concrete slab foundation that is reinforced with flexible cables that are tensioned after the. Dec 03, 2015 a reinforced concrete slab with an interior cage is more than four times stronger than a slab with a single horizontal curtain. Reinforced concrete slab is the most popular floor slab system used in residential building construction in sri lanka. When talking about cracks it helps to have a common understanding of what kind of crack it is and what caused the crack. Bonding to subterranean structures such as footing pads 9252008 concrete methods and principles, 2 c al.

Other common types of slab foundations include brick, stone and concrete block. Concrete warranty and customer information we at tryon creek concrete tcc try very hard to ensure that for many years to come, you will have a long lasting, high quality concrete flatwork inside and around your home. Module 3 breachingbreakingcutting burning sm 3 3 types of concrete npeople often misuse the word cement and concrete. Evaluating cracking in concrete bluey technologies. Different types of slabs in construction civil snapshot. Guide for shoringreshoring of concrete multistory buildings.

Thin concrete slabs are also used for exterior paving purpose. Cracking in concrete can be reduced significantly or eliminated by observing the following practices. Use a 2 x 4 in a sawing motion to level and remove excess concrete. Cracks in reinforced concrete columns due to shrinkage of concrete 3. Thats not really true, but it is true that concrete slabs frequently have cracks. Reinforced concrete construction formwork flat surfaces element bottom. If you have no garage on your property, then a reinforced concrete slab can be used as the base of one.

Various types of precast concrete slabs free download as powerpoint presentation. Background information on design theories is followed by discussion of the types of slabs, soilsupport systems, loadings, and jointing. Workers placing and vibrating concrete on a bridge deck including epoxycoated. As we all know that concrete is a mixture of sand, cement, and aggregate. Jul 17, 2017 slump is a measurement of the workability or consistency of concrete. This type of slab contains square grids with deep sides. Various types of rcc slabs civil engineering projects. Apr 04, 2020 these types of foundation have their advantages and disadvantages in building construction. This video shows the different types of slab and their subtypes. Slabs are constructed to provide flat surfaces, usually horizontal, in building floors, roofs, bridges, and other types of structures. The attached excerpted resource materials have been made. A large reinforced concrete slab really opens up the possibilities for you, as it can really be used for building. The contour of stress for this case is show in plate 5.

Precast concrete frames are constructed before actual construction starts and is transported to site for erection. Oct 21, 2017 there are mainly 4 types of steel reinforcement used in concrete structures. This guide presents information on the design of slabs onground, primarily industrial floors. Accordingly, its slump rating indicates what construction application the concrete is good for. Knowing the right finishing tools to use and the right time to start bull floating and final troweling are essential to preventing dusting, scaling and craze cracking of. While other materials are occasionally used when building home foundations, concrete slabs.

Corrosion of reinforcing steel is the most common cause of concrete. The lateral loads are independently resisted by shear walls. A hollow core slab, also known as a voided slab or hollow core plank is a precast slab of prestressed concrete typically used in the construction of floors in multistory apartment buildings. The most common material for a foundation for a home or building is the concrete slab. Water should be carefully controlled to hold the slump as low as practicable for workability. Chapter 18 concrete slab structures january 2019 183 18. The modular nature of concrete masonry allows floor. The big advantage is flexibility in methods of manufacturing. It addresses the planning, design, and detailing of slabs. Design and construction of highway pavement joint systems.

Traditionally, concrete floor systems are reinforced using bars, fabric or using highstrength strand which is stressed. The total slab thickness h is usually rounded to the next higher 14 in. Chapter 3 discusses the factors ai%ectingthe characteristics of flexural cracks that develop under service loads. About four tons of concrete are produced per person per year worldwide and about 1. Types of steel reinforcement used in concrete structures. In other words, it measures how easy the concrete is to push, mold and smooth out.

Slab on grade or grade slab types construction procedure. This sheet is a bond breaker, allowing the pavement and approach slab to move freely over the sleeper slab as they expand and contract. Twoway joist concrete slab floor waffle slab system analysis and design design the concrete floor slab system shown below for an intermediate floor with partition weight of 50 psf, and unfactored live load of 100 psf. This strip can then be analyzed by the methods that were used for rectangular beams, the bending moment being computed for the strip of unit width. Design methods are given for unreinforced concrete. In the end, using a slab is a personal choice based on the requirements of the owner. However, similar types and sizes of cracks may not be acceptable in a specialized structure such as a nuclear waste containment vessel. Concrete slab types construction, cost, and applications. Pdf productivity analysis of concrete slab construction. Manual for design and detailing of reinforced concrete to.

In maine we install a lot of slabsongrade for houses and garages. Concrete slabs are widely in use as floors not only in industrial and residential buildings but also as decks in bridges. The strength of the concrete depends upon many factors like individual compressive strength of its constituents cement, sand, aggregate, quality of materials used, air entrainment mix proportions, watercement. It is a malty storied structure supported by rectangular. A slab foundation is usually less expensive to install than a full concrete wall foundation with a concrete floor. Types of precast concrete frames for buildings and structures. Wisconsin department of transportation bridge manual. As2870 is based upon inspecting site to determine soil type and designing footing to suit both foundation and structure to be built. The choice of type of slab for a particular floor depends on many factors. P 100k l w frost line soil unit weight 110 pcf 40 20 slab on grade, surcharge weight 120 psf. Details of these various types of concrete, their properties and applications are discussed.

The concrete then cracks when the tensile stresses imposed by a change in volume differential exceed that of its tensile strength. Serviceability requirements must be considered, and deflections are sometimes difficult to control in reinforced concrete beamless slabs. Economical where the live loads are fairly small such as apartment houses, hotels. Different types of concrete grades and their uses base. Since this is a lengthy article, we have created a. House design and shape must be designed before footing design can occur. The slab may be supported by walls, by reinforced concrete beams usually cast monolithically with the slab, by s. In this type of slab, the tension stress is eliminated in the tension side of the slab. Prediction of cracking in reinforced concrete structures.

Identifying cracks in slabs concrete construction magazine. The slab may be supported by walls, by reinforced concrete beams usually cast monolithically wit. Concrete can deteriorate for a variety of reasons, and concrete damage is often the result of a combination of factors. A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings, consisting of a flat, horizontal surface made of cast concrete. Productivity analysis of concrete slab construction by using different types of formwork article pdf available october 2016 with 1,916 reads how we measure reads. Footing systems reference as 2870 residential slabs and footings construction and bca.